SPECIFIC ISSUES OF THE APPLICATION OF UKRAINIAN LEGISLATION BY COURTS IN LABOR DISPUTE RESOLUTION

Abstract

The problems of applying Ukrainian legislation by courts when considering labor disputes are considered.As a result of the research, it was concluded that in the current conditions labor relations constitute one of the main components of the socio-economic life of the state. The legislation of Ukraine, in particular the Labor Code of Ukraine, ensures the rights and guarantees of employees, and also defines the responsibilities of employers. Due to the dynamism of the labor market and constant changes in legislation, many legal issues arise that require prompt and accurate resolution of cases in courts.The complexity in the application of national labor legislation by courts is inextricably linked to the legal issues faced by the parties to labor relations, namely: contradictions and ambiguities in legal norms, which complicate the interpretation of the rights and obligations of the parties to the employment contract; abuse of rights by both employers and employees, which often leads to conflict situations in labor relations; non-compliance or improper compliance with the terms of the employment contract, which entails complications in protecting the rights of employees; existing workplace discrimination, which can affect the violation of the principle of equality in court decisions; timeliness and sufficiency of evidence to support one’s claims, especially when it comes to oral agreements that were not recorded in writing, leading to problems with proof and, consequently, impartial decision-making; quite often, court proceedings in labor disputes can be too lengthy, which negatively affects the labor rights of employees and leads to delays in resolving these problems.And as practice shows, a significant portion of employees demonstrate insufficient legal awareness of their rights and protection options, which leads to inequality in disputes with the employer.Judicial practice plays a significant role in interpreting modern labor legislation. Specific court decisions shape law enforcement practice, which, in turn, influences the development of labor law. Court decisions related to labor cases can consolidate or change approaches to resolving labor disputes. Thereby, the judicial system bodies ensure legal certainty in labor relations.Modern socio-economic conditions, including globalization, changes in employment forms, and the development of new technologies, pose new challenges to labor relations. In the context of rapid changes in the world of work, it is important to timely adapt judicial practice to new realities in order to effectively protect the rights of employees and employers.