USE OF MODERN TECHNICAL AND FORENSIC MEANS OF RECOGNITION AND IDENTIFICATION OF A PERSON BY SIGNS OF EXTERNAL CHARACTERISTICS DURING THE INVESTIGATION OF CRIMINAL OFFENSES

Abstract

The article pays attention to modern forensic techniques for recognizing and identifying a person by appearance. Attention is paid to modern means of recording photo and video equipment and automated software complexes for identifying a person by appearance. The possibilities of using forensic techniques for searching for and identifying persons who have committed criminal offenses are outlined. The investigation of war crimes, the methodology of which has not been fully developed to date, is considered. One of the tasks of investigating such crimes is to search for and identify persons who committed criminal acts and gave orders to destroy the civilian population. The issue of identifying collaborators in temporarily occupied territories also remains relevant. During pre-trial investigation, the materials of criminal proceedings may contain photo or video materials depicting suspects, however, their establishment using forensic records can be effective only in relation to citizens of Ukraine who have committed offenses before, therefore, the implementation of military methods of working with open sources of information, so-called OSINT technologies, into the practice of investigation is lax. The article considers automated computer facial recognition systems of leading international companies Amazon Recognition, Visible Light, Clearview AI, Blue Wolf, which are used in various spheres of human activity, including government institutions and organizations, police and migration services, and private companies. The advantages of creating and using a three-dimensional face model (3D image) for identification are considered, which has advantages both for general application and is capable of recognizing a person in a dynamic environment, has high reliability and productivity. A promising direction for improving the modern system of forensic registration is the creation of a centralized comprehensive accounting of a person’s biometric parameters, which would concentrate data on genetic, fingerprint and appearance features. In the future, it is possible to expand the range of biometric features, for example, by including such a parameter as the iris in the register.