THE CONTEMPORARY ROLE OF THE 1959 DECLARATION OF THE RIGHTS OF THE CHILD AND THE 1989 CONVENTION ON THE RIGHTS OF THE CHILD IN THE PROTECTION OF CHILDREN’S RIGHTS

Abstract

The study deals with the main international documents that define the rights of the child, which are a kind of reference point for the civilized countries of the world in the matter of building national legislation on the protection of the rights of the child. It is noted that the Declaration of 1959 defined the basic rights and freedoms of children, in turn, the Convention of 1989 established a list of rights, obligations and guarantees for children, which made it a unique instrument in the global context. It is noted that the Declaration of the Rights of the Child of 1959 played a significant role in defining the basic rights of the child, although such documents do not carry direct obligations for states to observe them, the Declaration became the foundation for further activities at the international level in the protection of children’s rights. The Convention on the Rights of the Child defines the standards and principles that are the basis for the recognition and protection of children’s rights around the world, setting the international standard in this matter. Attention is focused on the fact that the implementation of children’s rights requires a systematic and comprehensive approach, which includes not only the adoption of relevant legal acts, but also the creation of effective control and monitoring mechanisms to ensure their implementation in practice. The general contribution of the Declaration and the Convention to the protection of children’s rights is to regulate important social relations. They provide not only a legal foundation for the protection of children, but are also a kind of reference point for further efforts of states in creating a favorable environment for the comprehensive development of each child. The importance and urgency of ensuring children’s rights in armed conflicts is also emphasized, children who find themselves in the zone of armed conflicts often become the most vulnerable categories of the population, and international efforts can help ensure their protection and humanitarian assistance.