PHYSICAL VIOLENCE AS A WAY OF UNLAWFULLY INTERFERING INTO THE ORGANIZATION AND CONDUCT OF GATHERING, MEETINGS, MARCHES AND DEMONSTRATIONS

Abstract

The phenomenon of violence is the subject of research in many sciences. It is the subject of research of criminal law science too and it occupies a prominent place among the cross-cutting concepts of this field of law and legislation. It is present both in their General and Special parts. And this is not accidental. One of the oldest concepts of crime known in European law, which was provided by the ancient Roman jurist Ulpian, stated that a crime is a violation of the law, which is combined with violence and deception. And this primarily concerns physical violence. Physical violence is an independent way of committing a criminal offense, which is provided for in Art. 340 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine. In the article, the author analyzes the concepts of this method of committing a criminal offense given by Ukrainian scientists. It is emphasized that this concepts suffer from the following disadvantages: as a rule, attention is not paid to the subjective signs of criminal physical violence; there is no unity of approaches regarding the form of guilt of violent actions; most researchers attribute only physical violence to criminal violence, recognizing alongside it only the threat of its use. The author gives his own definitions of the concept of criminal violence in general, and criminal physical violence in particular. Special attention is paid to the motivation of such actions, which is recognized as a group of common psychological motives for criminal offenses. It is emphasized that physical violence as a method of committing a criminal offense, which is provided for in Art. 340 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine can be committed with direct or indirect intent. The author does not support positions regarding the recognition of only direct intent and carelessness as a violence. The paper gives a natural classification of criminal physical violence. It is noted that the method of committing a criminal offense provided for in Art. 340 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine can also be mental violence, which is not limited to various threats. The author's recommendations for the qualification of various manifestations of physical violence in Art. 340 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine are given.